The Grand Canyon - The Home of Diverse Ecosystems

A designated UNESCO World Heritage Site, Grandpaleontological, archeological and geological information
Canyon is famous for the rock coloration andand resources.
formation that is unique to the site. This steep sidedThe Grand Canyon actually consists of several
gorge has a width of 0.2-29 km and extends fromecosystems like desert riparian communities and
the Grand Wash Cliffs to northern Arizona which isboreal forest. It is also home to a number of endemic
about 446 km. The deepest part of the canyon isand rare species of both plants and animals. In the
situated at the center of the Grand Canyon NationalGrand Canyon National Park, there are about 88
Park and has a depth of 90km. This section coversmammal, 335 bird, 9 amphibian, 47 reptile, 17 fish and
the length of the rivers from Lake Mead to Lake1,500 plant species protected and sheltered by the
Powell.park. This biological diversity that is one of its
Grand Canyon is composed of semi-arid land andhallmarks is due to the five life zones and three
consists of structural basins and raised plateaus thatdesert types found in North America. Examples of
are typical to this region. There are also a number ofthe representation of these life zones include the
steep-walled canyons caused by drainage systemsUpper Sonoran, Lower Sonoran, Canadian, Hudsonian
that have deeply cut through the rocks. Despiteand Transition areas.
knowing this, there are still parts of the history ofThe activities of the people living in the surrounding
this site that remains a mystery and is still theareas of the Grand Canyon have affected this
subject of many debates. Apparently, despite theheritage site in a number of ways. In some areas,
information gathered about this site, the geologistsfarmers have reclaimed desert, turning it into farm
and scientist still cannot arrive at a consensus forand ranchland. This has led to the growth of wild
example, about the age of the Canyon. However,plants that do not belong to the natural flora of the
they cannot deny that this site is geologicallyarea and the pollution caused by the people. And so,
significant. It is like a natural museum full of diverseto alleviate the effects of such human activities, and
fossil records, a wide variety of rock types, anto maintain and preserve this natural site, the
outstanding record book of the past three to fourGovernment has passed laws that aim to protect the
geologic eras and a number of caves rich in biological,site.